Google is to curb the amount of user data gathered by advertisers on both its Chrome browser ad its Android-based smartphones apps.
The search engine’s so-called ‘Privacy Sandbox’ will also see the phasing out by 2023 of third-party cookies, which track browsing history to target ads.
On Apple devices, app developers must ask permission from users before tracking them.
Consumer behaviour is tracked by companies such as like Meta, which said this month that Apple's changes would cost it $10bn (£7.3bn) this year.
Google's Android operating system is used by about 85% of smartphone owners worldwide.